2018成人学位英语考试完形填空常见语法知识

成人高考考试网

    倒装句可分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种：

　　一、全部倒装

　　谓语动词提前至主语之前为全部倒装，如：Out came his guest.On the hill stood a little cottage that contained heaps of hay.There lived an elderly lady whose husband died long ago.

　　二、部分倒装

　　助动词或情态动词提至主语之前，谓语动词位置不变，即为部分倒装，如：

　　Neither could he see through your plan.

　　So little did I know about him that I was easily taken in by his words.

　　Doesn't her invitation appeal to you?

　　第一节 否定词提前倒装

　　否定词用于句首时，句子应进行部分倒装

　　否定词常用的有：

　　Not only…(but also)，Not until(直到………才)，No sooner…(than)(一………就)

　　Never/ Rarely/Seldom Hardly/Scarcely…(when)

　　Few/LittleNeither/Nor(也不)Nwhere At no time Under no circumstances(决不)

　　On no account(决不)In no way

　　其中not only, no sooner, hardly, scarcely 分别和but (also)，than，when搭配使用，需注意：后一组词之后的部分不进行倒装，只有否定词之后的部分倒装

　　如：Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain.

　　Not only was he able to enter the final round of the contest, but hecame out first as well.

　　No sooner had I got any chance to speak than the clerk slammed the door in my face.

　　Seldom does he travel about.

　　Under no circumstances should you betray your own country.

　　此类倒装句一般出现在填空题中，需填入的是倒装部分，只要在句首见到上述的词，就应条件反射的想到用倒装句

　　第二节 介词、分词词组提前倒装

　　当句子没有宾语，且主语偏长时，往往将句中作状语的介词短语或作表语的形容词短语或作表语的分词短语提至句首，引起主谓的全部倒装

　　如：In the middle of the river floated the cluster of plants that shehad cast.

　　Characteristic of an anarchist was her strong opposition to the government, which she had blamed for all the

　　social injustices.

　　Lying on the grassland is a pretty girl in her early twenties.